Vacuum-Tube Computers First Era of Computers
The United States vigorously sought computer system study and development throughout World War 2, causing the completion of the vacuum-tube-based ENIAC in 1946. This computer system did not store programs internally, and its design allowed numerous programs to be performed by controlling cables and buttons. Complying with the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, a sequence of vacuum-tube-based computer systems with stored programs was established. Computer R&D in Japan began after the completion of WWII. Around 1950, Osaka University, Fuji Image Film, and the University of Tokyo nearly concurrently started developing vacuum-tube computer systems. Kenzo Joh at Osaka University prototyped an ENIAC-type arithmetic system in 1950 and started creating a simple binary vacuum-tube computer system. Around 1959, the fundamental capability and operations of the computer system were verified. However, the computer's advancement was deserted, as transistor-based computer systems